The epidemiological signature of influenza B virus and its B/Victoria and B/Yamagata lineages in the 21st century
Saverio Caini
(1)
,
Gabriela Kusznierz
(2)
,
Verònica Vera Garate
(2)
,
Sonam Wangchuk
(3)
,
Binay Thapa
(3)
,
Francisco José de Paula Júnior
(4)
,
Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira de Almeida
(4)
,
Richard Njouom
(5)
,
Rodrigo A. Fasce
(6)
,
Patricia Bustos
(6)
,
Luzhao Feng
(7)
,
Zhibin Peng
(7)
,
Jenny Lara Araya
(8)
,
Alfredo Bruno
(9)
,
Doménica de Mora
(9)
,
Mónica Jeannette Barahona de Gámez
(10)
,
Richard Pebody
(11)
,
Maria Zambon
(11)
,
Rocio Higueros
(12)
,
Rudevelinda Rivera
(13)
,
Herman Kosasih
(14)
,
Maria Rita Castrucci
(15)
,
Antonino Bella
(15)
,
Hervé A. Kadjo
(16)
,
Coulibaly Daouda
(17)
,
Ainash Makusheva
(18)
,
Olga Bessonova
(18)
,
Sandra S. Chaves
(19, 20)
,
Gideon O. Emukule
(20)
,
Jean-Michel Heraud
(21)
,
Norosoa H. Razanajatovo
(21)
,
Amal Barakat
(22)
,
Fatima El Falaki
(22)
,
Adam Meijer
(23)
,
Gé A. Donker
(1)
,
Q. Sue Huang
(24)
,
Tim Wood
(24)
,
Angel Balmaseda
(25)
,
Rakhee Palekar
(26)
,
Brechla Moreno Arévalo
(27)
,
Ana Paula Rodrigues
(28)
,
Raquel Guiomar
(28)
,
Vernon Jian Ming Lee
(29)
,
Li Wei Ang
(29)
,
Cheryl Cohen
(30, 31)
,
Florette Treurnicht
(30)
,
Alla Mironenko
(32)
,
Olha Holubka
(32)
,
Joseph Bresee
(19)
,
Lynnette Brammer
(19)
,
Mai T. Q. Le
(33)
,
Phuong V. M. Hoang
(33)
,
Clotilde El Guerche-Séblain
(34)
,
John Paget
(1)
,
The Global Influenza B Study Team
1
NIVEL -
Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research [Utrecht]
2 INER - Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Dr. Emilio Coni [Santa Fe, Argentina]
3 Ministry of Health [Bhoutan]
4 Ministry of Health [Brasília, Brazil]
5 Centre Pasteur du Cameroun
6 ISP - Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile
7 Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
8 Ministry of Health [Costa Rica]
9 INSPI - Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública [Guayaquil, Ecuador]
10 MINSAL - Ministerio de Salud de El Salvador
11 Public Health England [London]
12 MSPAS - Ministerio de Salud Publica y Asistencia Social [Guatemala]
13 SESAL - Ministry of Health [Honduras]
14 NAMRU-2 - US Naval Medical Research Unit No.2 [Jakarta, Indonesia]
15 ISS - Istituto Superiore di Sanità = National Institute of Health
16 Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire
17 Institut National de Santé Publique d'Abidjan-INSP
18 Ministry of Healthcare [Kazakhstan]
19 CDC - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Atlanta]
20 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Kenya]
21 Unité de Virologie [Antananarivo, Madagascar]
22 Institut National d'Hygiène [Maroc]
23 RIVM - National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven]
24 ESR - Institute of Environmental Science and Research
25 MINSA - Ministry of Health [Nicaragua]
26 PAHO - Pan American Health Organization [Washington]
27 Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud [Panamá]
28 INSA - Instituto Nacional de Saùde Dr Ricardo Jorge [Portugal]
29 Ministry of Health [Singapore]
30 NICD - National Institute for Communicable Diseases [Johannesburg]
31 WITS - University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
32 NASU / НАН України - National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine = Національна академія наук України = Académie nationale des sciences d'Ukraine
33 NIHE - National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology / Institut National d'Hygiène et d'Épidémiologie [Hanoi, Vietnam]
34 Sanofi Pasteur [Lyon, France]
2 INER - Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Dr. Emilio Coni [Santa Fe, Argentina]
3 Ministry of Health [Bhoutan]
4 Ministry of Health [Brasília, Brazil]
5 Centre Pasteur du Cameroun
6 ISP - Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile
7 Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
8 Ministry of Health [Costa Rica]
9 INSPI - Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública [Guayaquil, Ecuador]
10 MINSAL - Ministerio de Salud de El Salvador
11 Public Health England [London]
12 MSPAS - Ministerio de Salud Publica y Asistencia Social [Guatemala]
13 SESAL - Ministry of Health [Honduras]
14 NAMRU-2 - US Naval Medical Research Unit No.2 [Jakarta, Indonesia]
15 ISS - Istituto Superiore di Sanità = National Institute of Health
16 Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire
17 Institut National de Santé Publique d'Abidjan-INSP
18 Ministry of Healthcare [Kazakhstan]
19 CDC - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Atlanta]
20 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Kenya]
21 Unité de Virologie [Antananarivo, Madagascar]
22 Institut National d'Hygiène [Maroc]
23 RIVM - National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven]
24 ESR - Institute of Environmental Science and Research
25 MINSA - Ministry of Health [Nicaragua]
26 PAHO - Pan American Health Organization [Washington]
27 Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud [Panamá]
28 INSA - Instituto Nacional de Saùde Dr Ricardo Jorge [Portugal]
29 Ministry of Health [Singapore]
30 NICD - National Institute for Communicable Diseases [Johannesburg]
31 WITS - University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg]
32 NASU / НАН України - National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine = Національна академія наук України = Académie nationale des sciences d'Ukraine
33 NIHE - National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology / Institut National d'Hygiène et d'Épidémiologie [Hanoi, Vietnam]
34 Sanofi Pasteur [Lyon, France]
Saverio Caini
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- PersonId : 1025850
Connectez-vous pour contacter l'auteur
Jean-Michel Heraud
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 13240
- IdHAL : jmheraud
- ORCID : 0000-0003-1107-0859
- IdRef : 089286790
Adam Meijer
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1378611
- ORCID : 0000-0001-8074-7582
John Paget
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1025882
The Global Influenza B Study Team
- Fonction : Auteur
Résumé
We describe the epidemiological characteristics, pattern of circulation, and geographical distribution of influenza B viruses and its lineages using data from the Global Influenza B Study. We included over 1.8 million influenza cases occurred in thirty-one countries during 2000-2018. We calculated the proportion of cases caused by influenza B and its lineages; determined the timing of influenza A and B epidemics; compared the age distribution of B/ Victoria and B/Yamagata cases; and evaluated the frequency of lineage-level mismatch for the trivalent vaccine. The median proportion of influenza cases caused by influenza B virus was 23.4%, with a tendency (borderline statistical significance, p = 0.060) to be higher in tropical vs. temperate countries. Influenza B was the dominant virus type in about one every seven seasons. In temperate countries, influenza B epidemics occurred on average three weeks later than influenza A epidemics; no consistent pattern emerged in the tropics. The two B lineages caused a comparable proportion of influenza B cases globally, however the B/Yamagata was more frequent in temperate countries, and the B/Victoria in the tropics (p = 0.048). B/Yamagata patients were significantly older than B/Victoria patients in almost all countries. A lineage-level vaccine mismatch was observed in over 40% of seasons in temperate countries and in 30% of seasons in the tropics. The type B virus caused a substantial proportion of influenza infections globally in the 21 st century, and its two virus lineages differed in terms of age and geographical distribution of patients. These findings will help inform health policy decisions aiming to reduce disease burden associated with seasonal influenza.
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