Procalcitonin to Reduce Antibiotic Exposure during Acute Chest Syndrome in Adult Patients with Sickle-Cell Disease - Université Paris-Est-Créteil-Val-de-Marne
Journal Articles Journal of Clinical Medicine Year : 2020

Procalcitonin to Reduce Antibiotic Exposure during Acute Chest Syndrome in Adult Patients with Sickle-Cell Disease

Keyvan Razazi
  • Function : Author
Ségolène Gendreau
Elise Cuquemelle
  • Function : Author
Mehdi Khellaf
  • Function : Author
Constance Guillaud
  • Function : Author
Bertrand Godeau
  • Function : Author
Giovanna Melica
  • Function : Author
Stéphane Moutereau
  • Function : Author
Camille Gomart
  • Function : Author
Slim Fourati
Nicolas de Prost
Guillaume Carteaux
  • Function : Author
Christian Brun-Buisson
  • Function : Author
Pablo Bartolucci
  • Function : Author
Anoosha Habibi
  • Function : Author

Abstract

Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is a major complication of sickle-cell disease. Bacterial infection is one cause of ACS, so current guidelines recommend the routine use of antibiotics. We performed a prospective before–after study in medical wards and an intensive-care unit (ICU). During the control phase, clinicians were blinded to procalcitonin concentration results. We built an algorithm using the obtained measurements to hasten antibiotic cessation after three days of treatment if bacterial infection was not documented, and procalcitonin concentrations were all <0.5 μg/L. During the intervention period, the procalcitonin algorithm was suggested to physicians as a guide for antibiotic therapy. The primary endpoint was the number of days alive without antibiotics at Day 21. One-hundred patients were analyzed (103 ACS episodes, 60 in intervention phase). Possible or proven lung infection was diagnosed during 13% of all ACS episodes. The number of days alive without antibiotics at Day 21 was higher during the intervention phase: 15 [14–18] vs. 13 [13,14] days (p = 0.001). More patients had a short (≤3 days) antibiotic course during intervention phase: 31% vs 9% (p = 0.01). There was neither infection relapse nor pulmonary superinfection in the entire cohort. A procalcitonin-guided strategy to prescribe antibiotics in patients with ACS may reduce antibiotic exposure with no apparent adverse outcomes.

Dates and versions

hal-04395583 , version 1 (15-01-2024)

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Cite

Keyvan Razazi, Ségolène Gendreau, Elise Cuquemelle, Mehdi Khellaf, Constance Guillaud, et al.. Procalcitonin to Reduce Antibiotic Exposure during Acute Chest Syndrome in Adult Patients with Sickle-Cell Disease. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2020, 9 (11), pp.3718. ⟨10.3390/jcm9113718⟩. ⟨hal-04395583⟩

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