Archives, in their materiality of documentary collections deposited in institutions dedicated to the preservation of memory, are today subject to unprecedented injunctions and to a real revolution in meaning and use, linked to the emergence of digital knowledge. Based on a direct experience of applying digital tools to the Michel Foucault archives recently acquired by the Bibliothèque nationale de France, my article aims to reflect on the new epistemic challenges that digital technologies open up in their application to archival practice. Are Foucault archives becoming an « archive » in the Foucauldian sense of the word? Should we start describing the features of a new digital episteme of contemporary knowledge?